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For someone living with dementia, communication isn't just conversation. It is reassurance, safety, and dignity.
As dementia progresses, everyday communication is also shaped by diversity. One in five people speak a language other than English and 2,500,000 more people in Australia speak a language other than English 2021, compared to 2006. Being aware of this helps carers respond with understanding and flexibility.
Why Communication Matters
Communication allows people to express thoughts, emotions and needs, maintain relationships, share information and feel safe. For people living with dementia even small gestures or tones of voice can communicate reassurance and respect when words are difficult.
Common Communication Challenges
People living with dementia may:
- Have trouble finding words or expressing emotions
- Repeat themselves or respond unexpectedly
- Misinterpret meanings or tone
- Revert to their first language Experience hearing or vision changes
- Show frustration due to misunderstandings
Being aware of these barriers helps carers adapt and respond more effectively.
Factors That Impact Communication
Several things can influence communication:
- Environment: noise, lighting and movement
- Health: fatigue, pain, dehydration
- Emotions: stress or anxiety
- Cultural and language differences
- Staff approach: tone, facial expressions and gestures
Even small adjustments in these areas can make a big difference.
Effective Communication Approaches
To reduce confusion:
- Use simple, clear language and avoid slang
- Use names instead of pronouns
- Speak slowly and allow time for responses
Remember the 38-55-7 rule ! The way we communicate is composed of, 55% body language, 38% tone of voice, 7% words. How we say things often matters more than what we say.
Practical Communication Approaches
When it comes to communicating with someone living with dementia, the little things really matter. Using their name when you talk to them helps them feel seen and connected. Gestures, pointing, or showing objects can really help clarify what you mean without causing frustration.
Try not to correct or quiz them it’s more helpful to acknowledge how they’re feeling and go with their experience. Minimising distractions like loud noise or clutter, and keeping routines consistent, can also make conversations smoother.
It’s also important to keep an eye on their wellbeing. Simple things like checking hydration, medication effects, or comfort levels can change how they respond to communication. And don’t underestimate the power of a smile and gentle eye contact sometimes those small gestures say more than words ever could.
The 5'S Of Communication
Here is a handy way to remember the essentials for communicating with someone living with dementia
- Slow: Speak slowly and give time for responses
- Simple: Use short sentences and one idea at a time.
- Specific: Use clear terms and names instead of ambiguous words or pronouns.
- Show: Point to objects, use gestures and show choices (e.g., physically show the cardigan if asking about outfits)
- Smile: A smile can communicate warmth and trust even when verbal understanding is limited
Using Life Stories To Connect
One of the best ways to improve communication with someone living with dementia is to draw on their life story. Talking about their experiences, favourite memories, or hobbies can help build trust and make interactions more meaningful.
For example, during the personal care, following familiar routines chatting about past experiences or playing their favourite music can make the moment comfortable. At mealtimes, offering favourite foods and talking about their preferences engages both senses and memory. Even simple household tasks can be an opportunity encouraging them to help with easy chores before or after activities can give a sense of purpose and connection.
Key Takeaways
Simple changes in communication can make a big difference:
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Introduce yourself each time and use names
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Speak calmly at eye level
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Validate feelings and identify unmet needs
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Offer choices rather than instructions
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Smile and show kindness
Being present, patient, and compassionate transforms everyday interactions into meaningful connections.
Try it today ! pick one small change and see how it affects your connection. Even tiny adjustments can make a big difference.